文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress of In Situ Alloying Manufacturing Method Based on Additive Manufacturing

文章編號:

1674-3962(2024)02-0142-09

作者:

馬軍; 賈文鵬; 李燁; 賈亮; 金峰

1.西安交通大學 機械結構強度與振動國家重點實驗室，陜西 西安 710049 2.西北有色金屬研究院 金屬多孔材料國家重點實驗室，陜西 西安 710016

Author(s):

MA Jun;  JIA Wenpeng;  LI Ye;  JIA Liang;  JIN Feng

1. State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Xi’an 710016, China

關鍵詞:

原位合金化; 增材制造; 混合粉末; 熔池; 均勻性

Keywords:

in situ alloying;  additive manufacturing;  mixed powder;  molten pool;  uniformity

分類號:

TG139;TG665

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202208016

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

基于增材制造的原位合金化方法是利用激光或電子束將多種元素粉或多種預合金粉的混合粉末熔化，使材料同時進行合金化和致密化的一種成本低廉、快速高效的開發(fā)新材料的方法，已經在高熵合金開發(fā)、新型生物醫(yī)用合金打印件開發(fā)等領域得到初步應用�？偨Y了混合粉末的形貌、粒徑、高熔點粉末含量及粉末混合技術對原位合金化打印件性能的影響的研究結果。研究表明，混合粉末的顆粒級配需要同時保證元素混合均勻性和粉末流動性，才能保證原位合金化打印效果。激光功率、束斑直徑、重熔工藝等打印參數對熔池幾何特征影響很大，繼而也強烈影響原位合金化的效果。熔池深度越大，越能保證打印過程中的層間重熔，促進元素均勻，但過深的熔池會造成孔隙。還介紹了基于原位合金化打印制備具有成分波動或成分梯度的合金材料的研究進展。原位合金化工藝本身固有的成分不均勻性有助于制備成分不均勻的合金，從而獲得具有雙相結構的打印件，這是基于預合金粉打印無法得到的�；�于多材料及多相流模型，原位合金化粉床激光熔融過程的數值模型也被研究者建立，模擬得出的原位合金化的增材制造工藝優(yōu)化參數與針對預合金粉打印的差別很大。最后對增材制造原位合金化技術的應用前景和面臨的挑戰(zhàn)作出了展望。

Abstract:

In situ alloying based on additive manufacturing of blends of several kinds of elemental or alloyed powders is a low cost, rapid and efficient method to develop new materials, which has been preliminarily applied in the fields of high entropy alloy development, new biomedical alloy printing development and so on. In this paper, the effects of powder morphology, particle size, high melting point powder content, powder mixing technology on the performance of in situ alloying printed samples are introduced. The results show that in order to ensure the in situ alloying printing effect, the particle gradation of mixed powder should ensure both the element mixing uniformity and the powder fluidity. The printing technology including laser power, beam spot diameter and remelting strategy also influences the geometry of the melting pools, which in turn, affect the in situ alloying process. The greater the pool depth, the more guarantee the interlayer remelting in the printing process, promote the element uniformity, but too deep pool will cause pores. The study of alloys with composition fluctuation or gradient based on in situ alloying printing is also introduced. It has been shown that the inhomogeneity of composition which is inherent in the in situ alloying process facilitates the preparation of alloys with inhomogeneous composition, resulting in b-phasic additive printing, which cannot be obtained by printing based on pre-alloy powders. Based on the multi material and multiphase flow model, the numerical model of laser melting process of in situ alloying has also been established. The numerical simulation of laser powder bed fusion based on in situ alloying shown that the optimized in situ alloying process was different from that of laser powder bed fusion based on pre-alloyed powder. Finally, the application prospect and challenges of in situ alloying technology based on additive manufacturing are prospected.