文章信息/Info

Title:

Research and Development Progress and Prospects of High Purity Iron

文章編號(hào):

1674-3962(2021)10-0762-10

作者:

黃龍超1; 劉南君1; 王章潔1; 鄭芮1; 劉博宇1; 王文斌2; 單智偉1

（1. 西安交通大學(xué) 金屬材料強(qiáng)度國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，陜西 西安 710049）（2. 陜西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司，陜西 西安 710077）

Author(s):

HUANG Longchao1;  LIU Nanjun1;  WANG Zhangjie1;  ZHENG Rui1;  LIU Boyu1;  WANG Wenbin2;  SHAN Zhiwei1

(1. State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China) (2. Shaanxi Sirui Advanced Materials Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710077, China)

關(guān)鍵詞:

高純鐵; 原材料; 濕法提純; 火法提純; 工業(yè)化制備

Keywords:

high purity iron;  raw material;  hydrometallurgy purification;  pyrometallurgy purification;  industrialproduction

分類(lèi)號(hào):

TG141

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202106021

文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:

A

摘要:

高純鐵是指純度超過(guò)99.9%的鐵。以高純鐵為原料開(kāi)發(fā)的鐵基材料具有比傳統(tǒng)鐵基材料更優(yōu)異的性能，如更低的韌脆轉(zhuǎn)變溫度和再結(jié)晶溫度、更好的抗腐蝕性能、更高的最大磁導(dǎo)率以及優(yōu)良的導(dǎo)電性及低溫?zé)醾鲗?dǎo)率，并因此在航空航天、電子信息、電力工業(yè)、軍事工業(yè)等領(lǐng)域具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。雖然我國(guó)是全球最大的工業(yè)鐵生產(chǎn)國(guó)和消費(fèi)國(guó)，但卻缺乏經(jīng)濟(jì)高效的高純鐵生產(chǎn)技術(shù)，導(dǎo)致所需高純鐵嚴(yán)重依賴(lài)進(jìn)口�；仡櫜⒖偨Y(jié)了當(dāng)前世界上最具代表性的4種高純鐵制備方法，即直接還原�踩鄯志珶挿椒�、電解制備方法、火法提純制備方法及濕法提純+火法提純的聯(lián)合提純制備方法，梳理并對(duì)比了我國(guó)與歐美日等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的高純鐵制備技術(shù)研發(fā)歷程，繪制了當(dāng)前鐵的純度和市場(chǎng)價(jià)格之間的關(guān)系圖，闡明了雜質(zhì)元素對(duì)合金性能可能造成的負(fù)面影響，探討了國(guó)內(nèi)外高純鐵的未來(lái)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，并結(jié)合現(xiàn)狀從制備技術(shù)的研發(fā)、行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的建立、應(yīng)用市場(chǎng)的開(kāi)拓及相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展等方面對(duì)我國(guó)高純鐵工業(yè)化制備進(jìn)行了展望。

Abstract:

High purity iron is defined as iron that has purity more than 99.9%. High purity iron-based materials have higher performance than traditional iron-based materials, such as lower ductile-to-brittle transition temperature and recrystallization temperature, higher corrosion resistance, higher maximum permeability, excellent conductivity and low temperature thermal conductivity, thus showing promising applications in aerospace, electronics-information, electric power and military industries etc. However, China currently has to import most of the high purity iron used in its industry and scientific research institute, although China is the world’s largest producer and consumer of industrial iron, due to the lack of economic and efficient preparation technology of high purity iron. In this article, four typical methods for the preparation of high purity iron in the present world, direct reduction-smelting separation refining method, electrolysis method, pyrometallurgy method and hydrometallurgy-pyrometallurgy combined method, are reviewed and summarized. The development processes of researches in high purity iron preparation technology between China and developed countries such as Japan, Europe and the U.S. are compared. The relationship between the purity of iron and its current market price is illustrated. The possible negative effects of impurity elements on alloy properties are also indicated. The developing trend of high purity iron at home and abroad is discussed. At last, the industrial production of high purity iron in China is prospected from aspects of the research and development of preparation technology, the establishment of industrial standards, the development of application market and the development of related industries.