文章信息/Info

Title:

Key Testing Techniques for Corrosion of Nuclear Materials in High Temperature Pressurized Water

文章編號:

1674-3962(2020)07-0519-08

作者:

韓恩厚

（中國科學(xué)院核用材料與安全評價重點實驗室，中國科學(xué)院金屬研究所，遼寧 沈陽 110016）

Author(s):

HAN En-Hou

(Key Laboratory for Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment of Chinese Academy of Science(CAS), Institute of Metal Research, CAS, Shenyang 110016, China)

關(guān)鍵詞:

核電; 腐蝕; 原位測試技術(shù); 安全評價; 材料損傷試驗; 高溫高壓水

Keywords:

nuclear power;  corrosion;  in�瞫itu measurement techniques;  safety assessment;  materials�� degradation testing;  high temperature pressurized water

分類號:

TG174.3; TM623

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202006029

文獻標(biāo)志碼:

A

摘要:

針對核電廠核島關(guān)鍵設(shè)備的主要腐蝕失效模式以及實驗室模擬試驗的關(guān)鍵難點問題，自主設(shè)計并研制了系列在模擬核電高溫高壓水環(huán)境中開展材料多種腐蝕損傷試驗的關(guān)鍵測試裝備和原位測試技術(shù)，用于材料腐蝕損傷試驗研究和安全評價。設(shè)計并研制了在嚴(yán)格模擬核電站高溫高壓水化學(xué)環(huán)境中，材料在加載條件下的光學(xué)、光譜、聲發(fā)射、電化學(xué)、裂紋擴展、應(yīng)變等原位腐蝕損傷模擬裝備和測試技術(shù)；設(shè)計并研制了核電高溫高壓水中劃傷再鈍化暫態(tài)電化學(xué)測試設(shè)備，用于快速評價材料應(yīng)力腐蝕敏感性，使評價時間從以年和月為單位縮短到以天為單位；研制了在模擬核電高溫高壓水中材料的腐蝕電化學(xué)、應(yīng)力腐蝕、腐蝕疲勞、腐蝕磨損、縫隙腐蝕、輻照促進應(yīng)力腐蝕等多種腐蝕失效行為的模擬設(shè)備與原位測試技術(shù)。這些測試技術(shù)形成了一系列標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。利用這些新裝備和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進行試驗并獲得了大量數(shù)據(jù)規(guī)律，成功用于解決我國核電站的設(shè)計、建造與運行中核電材料的數(shù)據(jù)規(guī)律缺失、核電站運行許可證延續(xù)、服役安全評價問題。最后提出了核電材料與裝備腐蝕領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展趨勢與未來值得重視的10方面課題。

Abstract:

More than 10 kinds of key testing equipments to simulate various corrosion failure modes of materials and in-situ testing technologies for material degradation test in high temperature pressurized water of nuclear power plant (NPP) were designed and developed independently for material degradation research and safety assessment. By strictly simulating the water chemistry in high temperature pressurized water various in-situ measurement technologies were innovated. The optical, spectral, acoustic emission, electrochemical, crack propagation, strain and other in-situ measurement techniques were established for materials corrosion in high temperature pressurized water of NPP under loading conditions. The transient electrochemical parameters by scratching repassivation in high temperature pressurized water to evaluate stress corrosion cracking susceptibility was invented, which shortened the evaluation time from several months to several days. The in-situ testing equipments, including corrosion electrochemistry, stress corrosion cracking, corrosion fatigue, fretting wear, crevice corrosion and irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking etc, were developed to investigate corrosion behaviors of various materials in NPP. Accordingly, the testing standards were initiated. A large amount of testing data were obtained by these new techniques and equipments, which were used in the design, construction and operation of NPP in China. Finally, the development trend and future issues in this field are put forward.