文章信息/Info

Title:

Review on Theoretical Foundations and Applications of Superhydrophobic Anti-Icing Materials

文章編號:

1674-3962(2022)05-0388-10

作者:

沈一洲; 謝欣瑜; 陶杰; 侯文卿; 許楊江山

（南京航空航天大學材料科學與技術(shù)學院，江蘇 南京 210016）

Author(s):

SHEN Yizhou; XIE Xinyu; TAO Jie; HOU Wenqing; XU Yangjiangshan

(College of Materials Science and Technology，Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics， Nanjing 210016，China)

關(guān)鍵詞:

超疏水; 潤濕理論; 結(jié)冰延遲; 冰粘附性能; 防冰機理

Keywords:

superhydrophobic; wetting theory; icing delay; icing adhesion; mechanism of anti-icing

分類號:

V259;TB383

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202004020

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

近年來，飛機防/除冰問題的研究廣受關(guān)注。傳統(tǒng)的主動防/除冰方式會增加飛機的設(shè)計與制造成本，且持續(xù)的冷熱交替和振動會降低飛機蒙皮材料的使用壽命，存在嚴重的安全隱患。因此，受自然界動植物的啟發(fā)，新型被動超疏水防冰技術(shù)被廣泛討論與研究，為飛機防/除冰提供了一種低成本、高效、輕量的方法。針對新型被動超疏水防冰材料，綜述了近年來防冰材料的超疏水潤濕理論的進展；歸納了具有代表性的潤濕理論模型，包括楊氏方程、Wenzel理論、Cassie-Baxter理論、接觸線理論等；總結(jié)了當前廣泛應(yīng)用的防冰材料制備方法，包括刻蝕法、溶膠�材�膠法和氣相沉積法等。另外，針對目前國內(nèi)外的研究熱點，進一步闡述了超疏水材料的防冰性能及防冰機理研究，綜述了結(jié)冰形核和結(jié)冰延遲過程中的撞擊液滴彈跳動力學、結(jié)冰熱力學、成相理論、非均勻形核原理、傳熱理論等機理，以及冰粘附性能的測試評價方法。最后，針對冰層粘附強度的測試標準、不同冰型冰粘附力的區(qū)別、剪切力作用下除冰性能涉及的機理等問題進行了展望。

Abstract:

In recent years, the research on aircraft de-icing has attracted much attention. Traditional active anti-icing/deicing methods increase the cost of aircraft designing and manufacturing, accompanying the continuous vibration or cold-hot alternation greatly reduces the service life of aircraft skin materials, which causes serious potential safety hazards. Therefore, inspired by natural plants, the novel passive superhydrophobic anti-icing technology with low coast, high efficiency and light weight, has been widely discussed and studied. In this paper, the latest development of superhydrophobic wetting theory on the new passive superhydrophobic anti-icing material is reviewed. Some typical wetting theory models are summarized, including Young‘s equation, Wenzel theory, Cassie-Baxter theory, contact line theory and so on. Some widely used preparation methods, including etching method, sol-gel method and vapor deposition method, are also summarized. In addition, in view of the current domestic and foreign research hot spots, the anti-icing performance and mechanism of aircraft are described in this paper. The mechanism of impact droplet bouncing dynamics, icing thermodynamics, phase theory, heterogeneous nucleation theory, heat transfer theory on icing nucleation and icing delay are reviewed. Furthermore, the test and evaluation methods of icing adhesion performance are also discussed. Finally, some issues is prospected, including the test standards of icing adhesion strength, the differences of icing adhesion between different ice types, the deicing performance under shear force and the corresponding mechanism.