文章信息/Info

Title:

Preparation and Application of H2O(gas)-CO2 Co-Activated Polyaniline�睟ased Carbon Materials for Ionic Liquid Supercapacitor

文章編號:

1674-3962(2021)04-0308-06

作者:

劉超; 李世林; 高宏權(quán); 周海濤

（江蘇大學(xué)材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院, 江蘇 鎮(zhèn)江 212013）

Author(s):

LIU Chao;  LI Shilin;  GAO Hongquan;  ZHOU Haitao

（School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China）

關(guān)鍵詞:

H2O(gas)-CO2共活化; 聚苯胺基活性碳; 超級電容器; 離子電解液; 有機電解液

Keywords:

H2O(gas)-CO2 co-activation;  polyaniline-based activated carbon;  supercapacitors;  ionic liquid electrolyte;  organic electrolyte

分類號:

TM242；TM53

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962..201909007

文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:

A

摘要:

通過水蒸氣二氧化碳（H2O(gas)-CO2）共活化的物理活化方法制備聚苯胺基活性碳被廣泛應(yīng)用于商業(yè)活性碳的規(guī)模化生產(chǎn)，相比于化學(xué)活化方法，該方法制備的活化產(chǎn)物無活化劑殘留、清洗簡單且工藝過程環(huán)保。以聚苯胺為原料，探究了H2O(gas)的量和CO2分壓對活化產(chǎn)物的影響。采用氮氣吸/脫附、掃描電鏡（SEM）、透射電鏡（TEM）等表征手段系統(tǒng)研究了活性碳的孔徑分布及孔道結(jié)構(gòu)，采用電化學(xué)工作站研究了活性碳作為離子液體電容器電極材料的電化學(xué)性能。當(dāng)H2O(gas) 和碳化產(chǎn)物的質(zhì)量比為4∶1、CO2分壓為0.6時，所制備活性碳的比表面積和孔體積可分別達(dá)到2357 m2·g-1和1.45 cm3·g-1。該樣品具有豐富的中孔和大孔結(jié)構(gòu)，且中孔比表面積占總比表面積的比率約為40%。采用離子電解液時，該樣品作為電容器的電極材料具有較高的容量，在0.1 A·g-1的電流密度下容量可達(dá)到203 F·g-1，并擁有優(yōu)異的倍率性能以及良好的循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性，在10 000次循環(huán)（5 A·g-1）后具有91％的容量保持率。采用有機電解液時，其在1 A·g-1的電流密度下容量可達(dá)134 F·g-1，且在10 A·g-1的大電流密度下容量保持率達(dá)100%。該活性碳在離子電解液和有機電解液中均具有的優(yōu)異電化學(xué)性能，可歸因于其豐富的中孔和大孔結(jié)構(gòu)極大地減少了離子遷移阻力，從而提升了其倍率性能和在離子電解液中的循環(huán)性能。

Abstract:

The preparation of polyaniline-based activated carbon by H2O(gas)-CO2 co-activation has been successfully applied to the preparation of commercial activated carbon. Compared with the chemical activation method, the product prepared by this physical activation method has no residue of activator, and the cleaning and environmental friendly. In this work, we used the polyaniline as the raw material, and explored the effect of the amount of H2O(gas) and the partial pressure of CO2 on the activated product. The pore size distribution and space structure of activated carbon were studied by means of N2 adsorption and desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrochemical performance of activated carbon as electrode materials of ionic liquid capacitor was studied by electrochemical workstation. When the mass ratio of H2O(gas) to the carbonized product is 4∶1, the partial pressure of the CO2 is 0.6, the specific surface area and the pore volume of activated carbon reaches 2357 m2·g-1 and 1.45 cm3·g-1, respectively. In addition, the sample has a mesopores and macropores-rich structure, and the ratio of the mesopore specific surface area to the total specific surface area is about 40%. In ionic liquid electrolyte, the activated carbon used as electrode material of super capacitor has a high capacitance of 203 F·g-1 at the current density of 0.1 A·g-1, and has a capacitance retention of 91% after 10 000 cycles (5 A·g-1), which shows excellent rate performance and good cycle stability. When the organic electrolyte was used, the capacitance of sample is 134 F·g-1 at the current density of 1 A·g-1, and the capacitance retention is 100% at the current density of 10 A·g-1. The excellent electrochemical performance of activated carbon in the ionic liquid electrolyte and organic electrolyte is due to the unique mesopores and macropores�瞨ich structure, which greatly reduces the ion transport resistance, thus improving the rate performance and cycle stability in ionic liquid electrolyte.