文章信息/Info

Title:

 The Chemical Functional Applications and Fundamental Researches of Metallic Glasses

作者:

 王軍強(qiáng)

威斯康辛大學(xué)材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院

Author(s):

 Jun-Qiang Wang

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA

關(guān)鍵詞:

金屬玻璃; 非晶合金; 化學(xué)反應(yīng); 催化性能

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2014.05.03

文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:

A

摘要:

金屬玻璃是一類具有熱力學(xué)非平衡特征和亞穩(wěn)特性、以金屬元素為主要組分、原子排列處于無序結(jié)構(gòu)的固體材料。近年來，隨著金屬玻璃研究領(lǐng)域的蓬勃發(fā)展，涌現(xiàn)出很多新的研究方向和熱點。本文簡要綜述了近期金屬玻璃在化學(xué)反應(yīng)中表現(xiàn)出的優(yōu)異催化性能和高反應(yīng)速率等相關(guān)的功能性應(yīng)用和基礎(chǔ)研究進(jìn)展，主要是金屬玻璃在降解污水中的偶氮染料方面的功能性應(yīng)用和基礎(chǔ)研究。實驗結(jié)果表明鎂基和鐵基金屬玻璃粉降解偶氮染料的效率分別達(dá)到商業(yè)鐵粉的1000倍和200倍以上。而且，相對于液體霧化法制備的金屬玻璃粉，用球磨粉碎法制備的金屬玻璃粉反應(yīng)活性更高，這可能與比表面積增加、殘余應(yīng)力導(dǎo)致的反應(yīng)激活能降低有關(guān)。最后對金屬玻璃的功能性應(yīng)用和相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)研究的未來的研究前景進(jìn)行了展望。

Abstract:

Metallic glasses are a group of amorphous solids composed mainly of metallic elements. They stay in non-equilibrium states and show metastable characters. Plenty of fresh research hotspots are emerging as a result of their recent booming development. In this brief review, the excellent catalytic properties and high activity of metallic glasses in chemical reactions, i.e. application in degrading azo dyes in polluted water, are overviewed. The experimental results show that the reactivity of ball-milled Mg-based and Fe-based metallic glass powders can be 1000 and 200 times higher than the commercial Fe powders, respectively. Moreover, the reactivity also depends on the preparation methods, i.e. the ball-milled metallic glass powders are more active than the gas-atomized powders. This can be attributed to the high specific surface area and low reaction activation energy after ball-milling. The promising prospects for functional applications and related fundamental researches of metallic glasses are discussed.

Keywords: metallic glass; amorphous alloy; chemical reaction; catalysis