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Title:: Recycling and Utilization Technology for Cathode Materials of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries:from Basics to Practice

Author(s):: LI Jiafeng; TIAN Lei; LIU Guiqing; ZHANG Weiqing; XIAO Lei; 1. School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China 2. Key Laboratory of Ionic Rare Earth Resources and Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources, Ganzhou 341000, China 3. Jiangsu BGRIMM Metal Recycling Science & Technology Co, Ltd, Xuzhou 221000, China et al.

Keywords:: lithium-ion batteries; recycling; pyrometallurgy; hydrometallurgy; bioleaching; material regeneration; supercritical fluids

Abstract:: In recent years, the gradual popularization of new energy vehicles has led to the exponential growth of power lithium-ion batteries. This results in a large amount of battery waste, which is both a waste of resources and a potential risk to the environment. Therefore, the recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries is one of the current research hotspots. This paper summarizes the main recycling technologies for spent lithium-ion batteries and their research status. Firstly, the classification and characteristics of lithium-ion batteries are introduced, and the necessity and urgency of their recycling are discussed.Secondly, the pretreatment and separation methods of lithium-ion batteries are summarized, including mechanical crushing, magnetic separation, screening, chemical dissolution, heat treatment, etc. In addition, the analysis of the traditional recycling technologies of lithium-ion batteries cathode materials are focused, including pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and materials regeneration. Finally, new technologies for the efficient utilization of spent lithium-ion batteries are dissected, including bioleaching technology,mechanochemical treatment, electrochemical methods, supercritical fluid technology, and microwave/ultrasonic technology. Based on the above analysis, the development direction of recycling and utilization of spent lithium-ion batteries is summarized and outlooked to provide reference for related researchers and production workers.